Abstract: In order to develop a scientifically robust sampling scheme for identifying the hazardous characteristics of solid waste in the open air and visually represent the spatial distribution range of waste exceeding the super identification limit, a study was conducted at a large solid waste site. First, a waste sampling scheme was developed using ArcGIS to delineate the site boundaries, create grids, calculate central coordinates, and number the sequence. Then, the Environmental Visualization System(EVS) was utilized to generate 3D visual models of the terrain and the inorganic fluorides extraction toxicity respectively. The spatial ranges and quantities of inorganic fluorides exceeding the threshold were compared using four interpolation methods, including Kriging, Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Nearest Neighbor (NN), and Radial Basis Function (RBF). Finally, the accuracy of these methods was evaluated using the K-fold cross-validation technique. The findings indicated that the application of ArcGIS to develop the sampling scheme could considerably simplify the on-site workload. And there were differences in 3D visualization models constructed by the four EVS interpolation methods. Moreover, the Kriging method demonstrated the highest accuracy and offered a more realistic depiction of the space range exceeding the standard limits. And based on this, the amount of excess square was estimated.

Key words: waste, hazardous characteristics identification, ArcGIS, EVS, 3D visualization