The soil of landfill liners was derived mainly from nearby area. There was a close correlation between the antipollution capacity of liners and soil permeability. The standard consolidation experiment was carried out on the sieved soil with six particle size ranges at different depths near the typical red-layer landfill in Sichuan Province， so as to study the fundamental physical parameters and the trend of changes in saturated density and permeability coefficient. According to the experimental results， the saturated density of red-layer sieved soil（ρsat） ranged from 0.13 to 0.25 g/cm3 at the early consolidation stage （P≤800 kPa）， and it was from 0.11 to 0.18 g/cm3 at the later stage （800 kPa＜P＜3 200 kPa）， both showed a trend of logarithmical increase. Besides， there was a significant linear negative correlation between the ρsat and the void ratio e （r>0.99）. The consolidation of sieved soil in the red layer was mainly concentrated in the vertical pressure range from 12.5 to 800 kPa. When the vertical pressure exceeded 800 kPa， the sieved silty clay in the red layer was applicable as the soil-protecting layer in the impervious system of landfill. Meanwhile， based on the existed seepage model（lgkv-lge）， two t

A total of 96 public toilets in five provinces were surveyed and discussed from four aspects: facilities, humanized service, sanitary environment and sewage discharge situation. According to the 1203 online and offline questionnairesin from five provinces, a comparative analysis was made from “toilet revolution”process condition,“toilet revolution”satisfaction after modification, “toilet revolution”pertinence problems and difficulties. Suggestions were put forward to further construct the publicity mechanism, increase the capital investment to perfect health facilities, set up long-term maintenance management system and for the development of green toilets enabled by technology.

As a global megacity in the world, Shanghai is on its way to building itself into a global science and technology innovation center. Accordingly, the generation of garden waste in Shanghai continues to increase. The resource utilization of garden waste is an important boost for Shanghai to build a “green”, “low-carbon” and “waste-free” city under the strategy to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. To break the bottleneck of garden waste utilization in Shanghai, The status quo of garden waste generation and resource utilization, together with the challenges were introduced. The experiences of the resource utilization of typical urban garden wastes in the world were summarized. The systematic problems of garden waste resource utilization in Shanghai were discussed, and system optimization suggestions on resource utilization of garden waste in Shanghai were proposed from both management and technical strategy levels.

The construction of “waste-free cities” requires continuous promotion of the resource utilization of urban organic solid waste. Anaerobic fermentation is one of the effective means to deal with urban organic solid waste such as kitchen waste， and bioenergy such as organic acids， hydrogen， and methane could be generated through fermentation technology， which could realize the harmlessness and recyling of kitchen waste. On the one hand， the pretreatment of kitchen waste could deconstruct the macromolecular organic matter in kitchen waste and accelerate the hydrolysis reaction； on the other hand， it could enrich the functional microflora and improve fermentation efficiency. At the present stage， the kitchen waste treatment process still had the problems of poor product economy and large waste residue production. In view of the two major challenges， hydrothermal method， biological method and emerging pretreatment technology were introduced， in order to provide reference for improving the high-value recycle effect of kitchen waste.

After the outbreak of the COVID-19， China had made up for the shortcomings of medical waste. Small medical institutions had become the weak link in the standardized management of medical waste. It was of great significance to crack the “last kilometer” of medical waste collection and transportation in small medical institutions. Through the analysis of the implementation background， implementation basis， operation effect and operation benefit of the “last kilometer” of medical waste in small medical institutions in Shanghai， a comprehensive and in-depth study of the practice in Shanghai had been conducted. The results showed that after the implementation of the model， the frequency of medical waste collection and transportation in small medical institutions in the city had been significantly improved， the process was relatively standardized， and the transportation capacity had been effectively improved. It had better environmental and social benefits， the “last kilometer” of medical waste collection and transportation in small medical institutions in Shanghai had been made up， and the level of urban refined governance and the ability to guarantee public health security were improved.

The fly ash from the co-incineration of municipal sludge in the grate furnace of a MSWI was used as an experimental sample. The total amount of heavy metals and leaching characteristics of fly ash produced by mixing sludge were analyzed and compared. The results showed that compared with zero mixing firing， co-incineration of municipal sludge reduced the total amount of heavy metals in fly ash， while the residual alkalinity of fly ash was significantly reduced because the SOx produced by mixing sludge consumed alkaline agents， leading to the low leaching pH of 5.27. The corresponding leaching concentration of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd was much higher than the limits of GB 16889—2008 Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste. Addition of 10% limestone into fly ash could increased the residual alkalinity， indicated by a higher leaching pH of 6.32 and the leaching concentrations of Pb,Zn,Cd,As were lower than the limits of GB 16889—2008. While mixing the sludge， the amount of deacidification agent feed into the flue gas purification system was suggested to be flexibly adjusted， which would contribute to the leaching stability of fly ash.

Adsorption is one of the attractive approaches of phosphorus removal in waste effluents. In this study， the autoclaved aerate concrete （AAC） from urban construction and demolition debris was selected as the research object， and the static adsorption experimental method was adopted to study the AAC adsorption performance of phosphorus from wastewater. And the adsorption mechanism of AAC was explored by using Langmiur and Freundlich adsorption model fitting. The results showed that with the increased of AAC concentration， the removal rate of phosphorus in the water was also increased. When the concentration of the adsorbent was 10 g/L， the removal rate of phosphorus by AAC had reached 93.61%. At the same dose of the adsorbent， the removal percentage of phosphate by AAC was rapidly increased over time， and reached equilibrium after 8 hours. The removal rate of phosphorus was all above 95%. The maximum phosphorus adsorption amount was positively correlated with the initial concentration of phosphorus. Under different pH， the order of phosphorus adsorption capacity was pH =9＞pH= 5＞pH =7. The isothermal adsorption fitting results of Langmuir and Freundlich showed that the removal of phosphorus by AAC was mainly caused by electrostatic adsorption and chemical adsorption on the surface.

With the continuous development of the city and the implementation of the shed renovation project， the collection， transportation and disposal of construction and demolition debris had become the focus of attention in the field of solid waste treatment. The research was carried out based on the management and recycling of construction and demolition debris in Haikou. The basic situation， collection， transportation and recycling operation and management situation， relevant management policies and problems in management and disposal in Haikou City were analyzed. And the relevant suggestions were put forward， hoping to provide referenced for the disposal of construction and demolition debris.

High value resource utilization of water supply sludge is an important means to improve the fine management of solid wastes. The dewatered sludge from three urban water treatment plants with Qingcaosha reservoir， Jinze reservoir and Chenhang reservoir as the water source was taken as the research object. The experiment of making non-sintered specimen by water supply sludge with recycled aggregate from construction and demolition debris was carried out. The influence of the sludge content， sludge moisture content， water binder ratio， sludge composition and other factors on the compressive strength of non-sintered specimen was studied. And the leaching toxicity of heavy metals and microstructure analysis were also examined. The results showed that the strength of non-sintered specimen was affected by the variation of sludge composition caused by season and sludge source， which showed that winter was better than summer， and Chenhang reservoir had the highest strength among the three. The optimum proportion of materials was 20% of cement， 20% of sludge， 25% of recycled coarse aggregate， 35% of recycled fine aggregate， and the water content of sludge was 70%. The compressive strength of non-sintered specimen curing for 28 days reached 15 MPa， and the strength grade reached MU15 in GB/T 8239—2014 Normal Concrete Small Block. The analysis results of scanning electron microscope （SEM） showed that the structure of sludge-aggregate-cement became denser and more stable with the increase of curing time under the optimal conditions. The leaching toxicity of As in the heavy metal leaching experiment was much lower than the value stipulated in the GB 5085.3—2007 Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes： Identification for Extraction Toxicity， and the environmental safety met the requirements.

Three leachate treatment facilities were equipped in a domestic wastelandfillin North China. The processes were regulating reservoir + anaerobic reactor + two stage nitrification and denitrification + ultrafiltration + nanofiltration + reverse osmosis, regulating reservoir + two stage nitrification and denitrification + ultrafiltration + high pressure reverse osmosis + reverse osmosis and regulating reservoir+pretreatment rotating biologicalcontactor + nitrification, and denitrification + ultrafiltration + high pressure reverse osmosis. By comparing the operation data, it was found that the three leachate treatment facilities all had good removal effects on the main pollutants under different water quality. The average removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were above 99.0%, and the electrical conductivity of the facility decreased by more than 95.0%. Comprehensively considering the factors such as energy consumption, operating costs and treatment effect, the process of MBR+high pressure reverse osmosis+reverso osmosis had better effect than the process of MBR+nanofiltration + reverse osmosis in the treatment of aged leachate.

Heavy metal pollution of river sediment was a worldwide environmental problem which had become a serious threat to ecology and human health， the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sediment had become a hot and difficult topic in environmental research. With the development of continuous studies on heavy metal immobilization in the sediment， a variety of curing agents had been reported. Conventional curing agent played an important role at the early stage， but its curing effect was limited. At present， a variety of compound curing agents had been proposed to improve the curing effect of heavy metals to a certain extent. However， the current research lacked a systematic understanding of the heavy metal curing agent for sediment. Due to the different experimental conditions and the diversity of evaluation methods， there was no unified standard for curing technology implementation， and it was difficult to compare curing agents and evaluate curing effect effectively. Around the topic of heavy metal solidification technology of sediment， the main metal curing agents reported in the current research and the evaluation methods of curing effect were summarized， the main problems in curing technology and evaluation methods were discussed. Finally， on the basis of a comprehensive summary of the previous studies， the main problems existed in the research on the solidification of heavy metals in sediment were summarized， and the main breakthrough directions for future research were put forward.

Strengthening ecological environment protection was one of the key areas for the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei （BTH）. There were differences in the municipal solid waste （MSW） treatment capacity of Beijing， Tianjin and Hebei Province. Under the territorial management system， how to balance the surplus and shortage of the capacity of MSW treatment facilities in BTH lacked the consideration on the overall planning level. The transportation distance of MSW in Beijing， Tianjin and Hebei is not scientific enough， which resulted in higher management costs and more comprehensive treatment costs， also increased the risk of environmental pollution. The regional integrated management of MSW was an important part of the regional ecological environment protection and it was also an important measure to promote the coordinated development of the BTH region. The current situation of MSW management in Beijing， Tianjin and Hebei and the obstacle to realize the regional coordinated management in BTH region were discussed. Then the recommendations from the aspects of top-level design， management system， laws and regulations， etc， were proposed. It was hoped to provide references for policy formulation related work of MSW management departments in Beijing， Tianjin and Hebei Province.

The solid waste was taken as research object. Three groups of anaerobic, aerobic and micro-aerobic landfill reactors were set up to analyze the three phase indexes of leachate, landfill waste, and landfill gas in landfill process, so as to study the stabilization process of landfill. The experimental results showed that the aerobic and micro-aerobic conditions could reduce the production of leachate and accelerate the degradation of pollutants in leachate. Compared with anaerobic landfill, the aerobic landfill reactor temperature was higher and the settlement rate of the waste pile was faster. In the process of micro-aerobic landfill, the concentration of O2 inside the landfill could be maintained at about 10%. The concentration distribution of O2 decreased from top to bottom. As the depth of the landfill increased, it became harder for the gas to disperse.

At present, our country had basically formed the development pattern of waste treatment mainly based on incineration and supplemented by landfilling. In order to regulate the operating level of domestic waste incineration factories， the state had continuously improved the supervision and management requirements of incineration factories in recent years. Due to the limited technology and human resources of government, the supervision of the incineration plant has gradually changed from the traditional government resident supervision to third-party regulatory method. During the “13th Five-Year Plan”， internet technologies such as the internet of things， big data， and artificial intelligence had developed rapidly， the integration of digital and information technology had brought new vitality to the traditional sanitation industry. And third-party supervision of incineration factories began to enter a new stage. Systematically elaborated the third-party supervision operation mode of the incineration plant， and combined actual cases to further analyze the future trend of third-party regulatory development, with a view to provide a certain reference for relevant industry personnel.

Based on the integrated theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the norm activation model (NAM)， the structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the influencing factors of residents’ willingness to collect kitchen waste separately. The results showed that the behavior attitude， perceived behavior control， government behavior and personal norms had a significant positive impact on residents' willingness to collect kitchen waste separately， and the impact of personal norms was the greatest with the standardized path coefficient was 0.522. Behavior attitude played a partial mediating effect in the impact of outcome cognition and personal cognition on the residents’ willingness to collect independently. Personal norms played a partial mediating role in the impact of outcome cognition on the willingness to collect independently. And personal norms played a full mediating role in the impact of subjective norms on residents' willingness to collect independently.

The influencing factors of household waste classification was studied from the perspective of residents and the third-party evaluation agency scoring. The study founded that from the perspective of residents， the main factors affecting the classification of residents’ waste were personal values， group norms， publicity efforts， delivery convenience， supervision and classification attitude in order. And from the perspective of the third-party evaluation agency scoring， the main factors affecting the classification of residents’ waste were the convenience of delivery， classification attitude， reward and punishment mechanism， reward and punishment measures， supervision and group norms in order. There were certain differences in the influencing factors of residential waste classification from different perspectives. Because the residents’ perspective was subjective and one-sided， it was recommended to study the influencing factors of residential waste classification from the perspective of third-party evaluation agency scoring， the research results from this perspective were more objective and accuracy.

On the basis of comprehensive consideration of environmental， economic， social， infrastructure conditions， an indicator system for the location selection decision-making of water surface waste landing point was established. Rough set， improved analytic hierarchy process and grey relational analysis were combined to apply it. A reservoir was taken as an example to analyze the case. Based on its actual situation， the index system was established and scientific quantification and data reduction were carried out. And a site selection scheme with suitable environment， economical economy， high social satisfaction and complete infrastructure conditions was obtained.