Abstract: With the incessant rise in the volume of municipal solid waste incineration, the generation of incineration slag has witnessed a dramatic surge, thereby rendering its resource utilization a pivotal focus in contemporary research. This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic review of recent advancements in the utilization of incineration bottom ash in concrete applications. Endowed with rich content of silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), and aluminum (Al), incineration bottom ash demonstrates considerable potential as both a cementitious material and an aggregate. Nevertheless, the practical application of incineration bottom ash is impeded by several factors, including its heavy metal content, porous structure, and elevated water absorption rates, all of which can potentially compromise the performance of concrete. A variety of pretreatment methods, such as, encompassing mechanical processing, water washing, thermal treatment, and carbonation have been successfully demonstrated to effectively enhance the physicochemical attributes of incineration bottom ash. When employed as a cementitious material, the pozzolanic activity inherent in incineration bottom ash can significantly improve the compactness of concrete. However, to mitigate potential adverse effects, the dosage of incineration bottom ash should be strictly limited to less than 40%. When used as a substitute for coarse or fine aggregate, the substitution rate of incineration bottom ash manifests an inverse correlation with the strength of the resulting concrete. Therefore, it is imperative to implement optimized pretreatment strategies and exercise stringent control over the incorporation rates to achieve a harmonious balance between performance outcomes and environmental safety considerations. Looking ahead, future research endeavors should prioritize the development of innovative composite admixtures and conduct thorough assessments of long-term durability to foster the efficient and secure application of incineration bottom ash in concrete production. By doing so, we can unlock the full potential of incineration bottom ash as a sustainable and eco-friendly material in the construction industry.

Key words: Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash, concrete, resource utilization,  , pretreatment, physical and chemical properties