关键词: 生活垃圾源头分类, 厨余垃圾, 堆肥, 恶臭, 排放特征

Abstract: 　In order to provide basic data for the systematic evaluation of the environmental performance of the source separation of municipal solid waste and odor pollution control, the odor composition and emission characteristics shift of a food waste composting plant before and after the implementation of Beijing Municipal Solid Waste Management Regulation (hereinafter “Regulation”) were explored based on field investigation in this study. The results showed that, before and after the implementation of the “Regulation”, the relative composition and proportion of odorous pollutants in each sector of the food waste composting plant varied significantly. The emission of oxygenated compounds, protein-derived sulfur-containing compounds and terpenes (mainly limonene) derived from plants, fruit and vegetables increased. The mass proportion of above three kinds of odorous pollutants increased from 48.12%-72.20%, 0.25%-0.39% and 1.17%-3.16% before implementation of the “Regulation” to 64.22%-92.65%, 0.56%-43.54% and 2.35%-9.58%. Sulfur-containing compounds (methyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide) and terpenes became important odor contributing matter in addition to oxygenated compounds, and the odor contribution rates increased from 2.43%-17.20% and 0.36%-3.11% to 20.72%-45.69% and 4.11%-27.90%, respectively. Oxygenated compounds and terpenes were the main ozone pollution precursors (28.96%-88.28% and 7.53%-31.40% of ozone formation potential contribution rate). The oxygenated compounds were mainly alcohols (ethanol, n/isopropyl alcohol), ethyl acetate, 2-butanone and hexanal. Correspondingly, the mass proportion, odor impact and ozone pollution contribution of aromatic compounds, which derived from plastic bags, foam plastics, pesticides, and so on, decreased to 1.16%-12.13%, 0.65%-12.64% and 3.59%-57.70%, respectively. In particular, the emission of benzene reduced and it brought about the total carcinogenic toxicity of aromatic compounds decreased. The comprehensive results showed that the implementation of the “Regulation” had a significant effect on odor composition and its environmental and ecological impact of food waste composting plant.

Key words: source-separation of municipal solid waste, food waste, composting, odorous pollutants, emission characteristics