Abstract: With the development of social economy and the promotion of “toilet revolution”, the cleaning and service level of urban public toilets has been widely concerned. Taking the central urban area (Huangpu district) and the suburban area (Jiading district) of Shanghai as the research scope, a combination of open inspections and unannounced visits was adopted. 230 samples of 5 types of public toilet were selected for investigation and analysis, among which 150 were valid points. The toilet samples were scored according to the evaluation indicators in the 2023 Social Public Toilet Monitoring and Evaluation Form. The results showed that the overall cleaning and service level of public toilets in Shanghai was good, with a total score of 86.3 and an excellent service rate of 79.3%. Among them, public toilets in parks performed the best, with a score of 91.8, while those in hotels had the lowest score of 78.1. The study found that there were gender differences in the design of public toilets. The ratio of male to female toilets number was 1.0∶1.4, and the number of female toilets in Huangpu district was the largest, with an average of 5.16, reflecting the greater demand for women to use toilets. Meanwhile, the study also found that the public toilets in shopping malls and recreational facilities in the central urban area of Shanghai were ahead of suburban areas in terms of service level and facility configuration, while the public toilets in parks in the suburbs were more prominent, reflecting the regional differences. In addition, there were deficiencies in the refinement of public toilet construction, especially in aspects such as information publicity, barrier-free facilities, safety warning facilities for rainy and snowy weather, the setting of no-smoking signs, and male-female signboards.This study focused on the evaluation and improvement of the refined management level of urban public toilets. Through investigation and data analysis, the targeted improvement suggestions were proposed, aiming to provide a reference for the further optimization of public toilet services in Shanghai.

Key words: public toilet, monitoring, evaluation, refined management, gender difference