环境卫生工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 100-108.doi: 10.19841/j.cnki.hjwsgc.2026.02.013

• 危险废物利用、处理与处置 • 上一篇    下一篇

新质生产力背景下上海危险废物管理的挑战与对策研究

宋 佳,宋立杰,赵 军   

  1. 1. 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司;2.上海市环境工程设计科学研究院有限公司;3.上海生活垃圾处理和资源化工程技术研究中心;4.上海大学
  • 出版日期:2026-04-28 发布日期:2026-04-28

Research on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Hazardous Waste Management in Shanghai Under the Background of New Productive Forces

SONG Jia, SONG Lijie, ZHAO Jun   

  1. 1. Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co. Ltd.; 2. Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co. Ltd.; 3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Utilization; 4. Shanghai University
  • Online:2026-04-28 Published:2026-04-28

摘要: 发展以新质生产力为核心的战略性新兴产业是推动经济高质量发展的关键,但其伴生的新型危险废物对城市环境管理提出了严峻挑战。以上海市为研究对象,采用物质流分析(MFA)方法,对集成电路、生物医药、新材料等5大新兴产业的危险废物管理现状进行系统研究。通过收集2024年211家重点企业的危险废物数据,构建了资源化利用率、跨省转移率等核心指标,深入剖析了上海市及各产业的危险废物产生特征、流动路径与处置瓶颈。研究发现,新兴产业已成为上海市危险废物的主要来源,其中新材料和集成电路行业产废强度最高,HW06废有机溶剂与含有机溶剂废物、HW11精(蒸)馏残渣、HW34废酸是产生量最大的3类危险废物,资源化潜力巨大但利用不足。本地处置能力存在结构性短板,对区域协同处置依赖性强。因此,本研究提出应从实施“一业一策”精准管理、攻克核心危险废物资源化技术瓶颈、优化本地处置设施布局等方面入手,以应对新兴产业危险废物管理的复杂形势,推动上海市实现经济发展与环境保护的协同共进。

关键词: 新质生产力, 新兴产业, 物质流分析法, 危险废物, 资源化利用率

Abstract: The development of strategic emerging industries, centered on new productive forces, is crucial for promoting high-quality economic growth. However, the associated generation of new types of hazardous waste poses severe challenges to urban environmental management. Taking Shanghai as a case study, Material Flow Analysis (MFA) was employed to systematically investigate the current state of hazardous waste management in five major emerging industries: integrated circuits, biomedicine, new materials, and others. By collecting 2024 hazardous waste data from 211 key enterprises and establishing core indicators such as recycling utilization rate and external transfer rate, the generation characteristics, flow paths, and disposal bottlenecks of waste at both the municipal and industrial levels were deeply analyzed. The research revealed that emerging industries have become the primary source of hazardous waste in Shanghai. Among them, the new materials and integrated circuit sectors exhibit the highest waste generation intensity. HW06 (waste organic solvents and waste containing organic solvents), HW11 (distillation residues), and HW34 (waste acids) are the three largest categories by volume, possessing significant recycling potential yet remaining underutilized. Furthermore, local disposal capacity suffers from structural deficiencies, leading to a strong reliance on regional collaborative disposal. Accordingly, this paper proposes that strategies should be adopted from the perspectives of implementing industry-specific precision management (“one-policy-per-industry”), overcoming technical bottlenecks in the recycling of core waste streams, and optimizing the layout of local disposal facilities. These measures aim to address the complex situation of hazardous waste management in emerging industries and promote the synergistic development of Shanghai’s economy and environmental protection.

Key words: new productive forces, emerging industries, Material Flow Analysis (MFA), hazardous waste, recycling utilization rate

[1] 李阳青, 于斯夫. 某危险废物填埋库区土壤及地下水修复治理工程实例分析[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2025, 33(4): 12-17.
[2] 吉彦鹏, 王俊懿, 禚 斌. 危险废物熔融炉辅助喷枪水力学模型试验研究及应用[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2024, 32(6): 70-73,79.
[3] 甘树福, 黄 芊, 梁 辉. 企业危险废物规范化环境管理评估与对策建议——以某省为例[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2024, 32(2): 104-109.
[4] 王子鸣, 闫大海, 王 雷. 基于文献计量的危险废物污染防治技术研究趋势分析[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2023, 31(5): 73-85.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 杨 龑 陈海滨 杨 禹 等. 基于F-measure的生活垃圾分类效果评价指标优化研究[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 1 -3 .
[2] 陈美珠. 广州市提高生活垃圾分类效果的探索与研究[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 4 -7 .
[3] 胡鑫鑫. 杭州市餐厨垃圾预处理技术的应用[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 8 -10 .
[4] 刘志永 郑泽华. 生活垃圾焚烧发电协同处置市政污泥技术研究——以衡阳市为例[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 14 -17 .
[5] 程 曦 朱 广 徐 辉 等. 生活垃圾焚烧炉渣的工程特性[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 18 -22 .
[6] 孔红. 生活垃圾焚烧厂SNCR脱硝系统的自动控制[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 23 -25 .
[7] 张静. 北京六里屯垃圾填埋场填埋气利用途径与效益分析[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 26 -28 .
[8] 鲁晓菊 杨 迪 姚俊花. 太原市生活垃圾热值影响因素研究[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 29 -32 .
[9] 王占磊 陈 丽 刘兰英 等. 厌氧消化过程中氨氮的抑制浓度和消除方法[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 33 -35 .
[10] 吴 剑 蹇瑞欢 刘 涛. 我国生活垃圾焚烧发电厂的能效水平研究[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2018, 26(3): 39 -42 .
版权所有 © 天津市城市管理研究中心
津ICP备2022007900号-1   津公网安备 12010302000952号   中央网信办违法和不良信息举报中心
地址:天津市河西区围堤道107号    邮政编码: 300201
电话: 022-28365069 传真: 022-28365080 E-mail: csglwyjs10@tj.gov.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发