Abstract: China is a large country of coal resource mining， a large amount of coal-based solid waste was produced in the process of coal production and processing， which had caused serious damage to land resources and ecological environment in mining areas， and had become a major strategic issue that restricted the ecological restoration of mines. At present， the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in China was characterized by large reserves， low comprehensive utilization rate and uneven spatial distribution， and the capacity of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue could hardly meet the national requirements for ecological environmental protection. Therefore， based on the main source and physical and chemical properties of coal gangue， the current situation of coal gangue discharge and comprehensive utilization were analyzed， the technical applications of coal gangue in the field of mine ecological restoration were described， and the problems of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in China were analyzed at the same time. The future development direction of combining the ecological restoration of “filling and mining， cave-in area backfill， land reclamation and rehabilitation， ground foundation” and other resource utilization paths of “coal gangue power generation， construction materials， chemical products， valuable elements extraction” were put forward

Key words: coal mining, coal-based solid waste, coal gangue, comprehensive utilization, ecological restoration