关键词: 粪污特性, 好氧堆肥, 工艺优化, 正交试验

Abstract: Effective treatment of toilet feces is an important aspect of rural environmental sanitation remediation. In order to efficiently realize the aerobic composting of toilet manure in rural areas of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, based on the physical and chemical characteristics of manure, household dry-toilet manure and highland barley straw in rural areas of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were selected as compost raw materials, and the effects of four factors, namely C/N, decompose clinker (dry-toilet manure, highland barley straw, mature compost) addition ratio, moisture content, and ventilation mode on aerobic composting of dry-toilet manure were investigated through orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the manure of rural dry-toilet in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau had the characteristics of high moisture content, high organic matter content, low C/N, low heavy metal content, and low seed germination index, and had good potential for compost recycling. The influence of various factors on the aerobic composting of dry-toilet manure in rural areas of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau was C/N > the proportion of decomposing clinker > moisture content > ventilation mode. The optimal process parameters were as follows: the C/N ratio was 30, the proportion of compost raw materials (dry-toilet manure∶highland barley straw∶mature compost) addition was 2.0∶0.7∶0.3(in terms of wet weight), the moisture content was 55%, and the ventilation mode was continuous ventilation (ventilation rate was 0.42 L·min?1·kg?1). This research work provides a theoretical basis for the efficient resource utilization of household dry-toilet manure and highland barley straw in the rural areas of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and is of great significance for promoting the construction and sustainable development of local beautiful villages.

Key words: manure characteristics, aerobic composting, process optimization, orthogonal test