关键词: 垃圾填埋场, 生态修复, 开采再利用, 商业模式

Abstract: Landfill is a traditional way to treat domestic waste in China. It had not only occupied large-scale land and space resources， but also posed long-term potential risks to the surrounding air， soil， groundwater， and residents’ living environment， which has been repeatedly notified by environmental protection inspectors. With the promotion of full coverage of incineration treatment， the renovation and utilization of existing waste landfills has gradually become a new task in many areas. First， the demand and practical exploration of landfill renovation and utilization were sorted out. Then the process， technical requirements， and application scope of the two main technical routes of ecological restoration and mining reuse were analyzed. Finally， three business models of EPC（engineering procurement construction）， ROT（retrofit-operate-transfer） and EOD（ecology-oriented development） were proposed for the implementation of the project， and suggestions for their application were given. For projects using ecological restoration technology， the boundary conditions was generally clear and the business was non-profit， so the funds should be implemented from the local government financial budget， and the EPC mode could be adopted. For projects with public welfare development after waste mining， if the local government financial fund was sufficient， the EPC mode could be adopted， if the local government financial fund was insufficient， the ROT mode could be adopted to introduce private capital for cooperation. And the EOD mode was more suitable for the projects of business development after waste mining.

Key words: landfill, ecological remediation, exploitation and reuse, business model