固体废物科技国际竞争格局与未来挑战

环境卫生工程

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固体废物科技国际竞争格局与未来挑战

1.生态环境部危险废物鉴别与风险控制重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院；2.内蒙古自治区受损环境鉴定评估与修复企业重点实验室

The international competitive pattern of solid waste technology and future challenges

1. Ministry of Ecology and Environment Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences；2. Inner Mongolia Enterprise Key Laboratory of Damaged Environment Appraisal, Evaluation and Restoration

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过论文和专利统计分析，总结了国内外固废治理研究进展与技术创新能力演进趋势。我国固废治理研究在过去二十年实现了跨越式发展，从基础研究到技术应用均取得显著突破。在研究性论文方面，我国从早期的跟随者逐步成为全球主导力量，论文数量及质量快速提升，国际合作网络持续扩大，与美国、澳大利亚等国的学术合作尤为紧密。然而，高被引论文占比近年有所波动，研究质量仍需加强。在技术专利领域，我国专利申请量呈爆发式增长，规模远超其他国家。尽管专利总量占据优势，但高价值专利占比仍低于美、日。专利转化率整体偏低，大量技术成果尚未实现产业化应用，凸显产学研协同和市场化推广的不足。国际竞争格局呈现“东升西降”趋势，我国逐步替代美日欧的传统技术主导地位，通过政策驱动、科研投入与产业协同形成创新闭环。未来需强化基础研究与工程转化的衔接，提升专利质量与转化效率，同时深化国际技术协作，以巩固全球固废治理领域的领先地位，支撑“无废城市”建设和循环经济发展目标。

关键词: 固废治理')">

固废治理, 论文和专利分析, 技术竞争力

Abstract:

Through the statistical analysis of papers and patents, the progress of research and the evolving trend of technological innovation capacity in China and other countries' solid waste treatment were summarized. Over the past two decades, China's research on solid waste treatment has achieved a leap-forward development, with remarkable breakthroughs from basic research to technology application. terms of research papers, China has gradually become the dominant force in the world after following the initial phase, with the number and quality of papers rapidly improving, and the international cooperation network expanding, especially the academic cooperation with the United States, Australia and other countries. However, the proportion of highly cited papers has fluctuated in recent years, and the quality of research needs to be strengthened. In the field of technological patents, the number of patent applications in China has grown explosively, far exceeding other countries. Although China has an advantage in the number of patents, the proportion of high-value patents is still lower than that of the United States and Japan. The overall conversion rate of patents is low, and a large number technological achievements have not yet been industrialized and applied, which highlights the lack of industry-academia-research collaboration and market-oriented promotion. The international competitive pattern shows trend of "East rising, West falling", and China has gradually replaced the traditional technological dominance of the United States, Japan, and Europe. Through policy-driven, scientific research investment industry synergy, China has formed an innovative closed loop. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the connection between basic research and engineering transformation, improve the quality and conversion efficiency patents, and deepen international technology collaboration in order to consolidate the leading position in the global solid waste treatment field, and furthermore, support the construction of "Zero Waste City" and the goal of circular economy.

Key words: waste treatment')">

waste treatment, analysis of literature and patents, technical competitiveness