浅析装修垃圾资源化利用工程总体规划及运营要点

环境卫生工程

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浅析装修垃圾资源化利用工程总体规划及运营要点

1. 上海跃昕环保科技有限公司；2. 上海科频再生能源有限公司

Key Points for Overall Planning and Operation of Decoration Waste Resource Utilization Project

1. Shanghai Yuexin Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.; 2. Shanghai Kepin Renewable Energy Co., Ltd.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文研究以上海市2018年以来建设、运营的五座典型装修垃圾资源化利用工程为依托，结合三年多的运营实践总结，从环保、经济性及资源化角度分析了以装修垃圾为主，兼顾拆除垃圾的建筑垃圾资源化利用工程在总体规划和运营过程的要素。探讨了处理对象与规模的选择对项目运营环保、经济性的影响；垃圾收运模式和再生产品应用经济性对工程选址的影响；工程建设运营关键目标与生产线设置要点，为城市新建该类项目的总体规划及运营提供参考。

研究提出基于装修垃圾、拆除垃圾产生规律和特性不同，在建筑垃圾资源化设施规划和运营过程，项目处理对象、规模及工艺以装修垃圾为主，兼顾拆除垃圾。装修垃圾收运服务半径50km内采用直运模式，不设中转分拣。再生骨料通常占比高于70%，主要应用于制砖、砂浆等建材利用的生产原料，再生骨料运输距离（S1）越大，运输成本越高，再生骨料收益越小；需焚烧/填埋处置的分拣残渣占比10~25%，残渣运输距离（S2）决定了需配置车辆数，是运输成本的决定因素，残渣运输距离从1km调整为30km的工况下，残渣吨运输成本增加5倍以上；因此工程选址宜尽量靠近再生骨料应用、残渣处置厂，具备条件的厂内设置制砖、砂浆等建材利用设施。运营关键目标为再生骨料品质高；资源化率高，残渣率低（资源化率90%和75%工况下，产品收益及残渣处置成本折算到吨垃圾成本差距33.75元/吨）；粉尘、噪音控制好。运营过程装修、拆除垃圾分别经济测算，分类结算。

关键词: 装修垃圾')">

装修垃圾, 规划运营, 环保经济性, 处理对象与规模, 工程选址, 资源化目标

Abstract:

This article was based on five typical construction and demolition waste recycling projects built and operated in Shanghai since 2018. Combining more than three years of operational practice, it analyzed the engineering elements of construction and demolition waste recycling projects, primarily focusing on renovation waste and considering demolition waste, from environmental protection, economic efficiency, and resource utilization perspectives. It mainly explored the impact of the choice of processing objects and scale on the project's environmental protection and economic efficiency, the impact of waste collection and transportation modes and the economic efficiency of recycled product applications on project site selection, and the key goals and production line setup points for project construction and operation. This provided a reference for the overall planning and operation of newly built projects of this type in cities and counties.

The study proposed that in the planning and operation of urban construction and demolition waste recycling facilities, based on the different generation patterns and characteristics of renovation waste and demolition waste, the processing objects, scale, and processes should primarily focus on renovation waste, while also considering demolition waste. For the collection and transport of renovation waste within a 50km service radius, a direct transport mode is adopted, without intermediate transfer or sorting stations. Recycled aggregate typically accounts for over 70% and is primarily used as raw material for producing building materials like bricks and mortar. The longer the transportation distance for recycled aggregate (S1), the higher the transportation cost and the lower the revenue from it. Sorting residue requiring incineration or landfill disposal accounts for 10-25%. The residue transport distance (S2) determines the required number of vehicles and is a key determinant of transportation costs. In a scenario where the residue transport distance increases from 1 km to 30 km, and the transportation cost per ton of residue increases by more than fivefold. Therefore, project site selection should be as close as possible to recycled aggregate application sites and residual waste disposal plants, and material utilization production facilities such as brick making and mortar should be set up within the plant if conditions permit. The key operational goals should include: 1) High quality of recycled aggregate; 2) A high resource recovery rate and a low residue rate (Note: comparing scenarios with 90% vs. 75% resource recovery rates, the difference in combined product revenue and residue disposal cost results in a 33.75 Yuan/ton difference in the net cost per ton of waste); 3)Effective control of dust and noise. During operation, economic calculations for renovation waste and demolition waste should be performed separately, and billing/settlement should be categorized accordingly.

Key words: decoration waste')">

decoration waste, overall planning and operation, environmental protection and economy, processing object and scale, project site selection, resource utilization goal